CHRONOLOGY WITH HISTORICAL CONTEXT
(Ivy Rushforth, of Leeds , lineage in boldface)
1000 to 1100 - Yorkshire was generally Anglo-Danish, a subsistence farming and stock raising area, with inhabitants speaking a dialect not understood by the Anglo-Saxons or the Normans.
Geoffrey de Rie (Gjurd Nwg, Guthfrithr) b c 917
\Eudes FitzGeoffrioi de Rie 937-1027
\Hubert I Saint Clare de Rye 1008-1086, born near Falaise, Normandy, steward of Normandy; d 1086
There is an unsubstantiated reference to a Templar Knight in England called Lord of Ryes.
c1045 born: Anne Rishworth, if born in Normandy would be Anne de Ryes; c 1065 mar Adam Copley ( 1040 -1123) (birthplaces not known but name indicates a connection with Rishworth, Yorkshire)
Note: No confirmation of Ryes or Rishworths in Yorkshire before 1066. It is presumed they arrived after the Conquest and converted the Norman Rye or Ryes to Risse or Ris hence Rishworth . William’s Norman Barons and Knights all had lands, castles, homes and family connections in Normandy so there was much coming and going after the Conquest until 1204 when William II Rufus lost his lands in France.
c1066 born Thos.Rishworth, d 1140, location unknown
1066 William Duke of Normandy, conquered England to become Wm I of England; taking part in the battle were Hubert de Ryes with four sons and his brother Warenne,the 1st Earl of Surrey, with 3 sons . Those who served William well were generally rewarded with titles and land over most of England. A few Anglo-Saxon earls thought to be loyal were left in place.
1067 Hubert I de Ryes was sent back to Normandy to quell a disturbance and not heard of again in England. However, his sons Eudo, Adam and Hubert II were well rewarded by William and recorded in land grants.
1069-71 rebellions of Barons in England, particularly Anglo-Saxons in the North caused William to ‘harry’ the North, Yorkshire manors destroyed, 75% people gone
1072 rebelions put down, top level Anglo-Saxon nobles replaced by Normans, abbeys and castles built in key locations for control.
1086 Domesday lists Hubert de Ryes as a land holder, father of Adam de Ryes, and of Eudo Dapifer.
1086 Yorkshire now a poor unpopulated wasteland but settlement by Normans begins to change things. There was still much going back and forth by Normans who held land in England and Normandy including the Ryes.
1086 All sites of later Rishworths, Risseworthes, etc (mostly in Morley) fall into the area where Lord Ilbert de Lacy is Tenant in Chief.
C 1096 born Anne Rishworth,England; d c 1107 place not known
C 1160 in Normandy, Beatrix de Rye gave land to Abbey of St.Jean of Falaise in memory of her mother Emma and brother William de Grentmeusel; she had two sons, William de Rye (see William of Riseworth in England, below) and Julien de Rye, and one grandson was named Hubert de Rye.
1164 in England, property Aslackby [aze-el-be) Preceptory Church presented to Templars by Odo, (Eudo) son of Hubert de Rye in Lincolnshire. The Knights Templar are documented as establishing a preceptory there. There is, unsubstantiated, a Knight Templar called Lord of Rye. When the Templars were disbanded in 1312 this property went to the Hospitallers.
1166 Cartae Baronum, Henry II’s catalogue of his knights, includes:
Lacy of Pontefract, Henry de Bracton, Earl Wareune(in 1066, the Earl of Warren was the brother of Hubert de Ryes) and Hubert de Ryes. These are sons or grandsons of the original Hubert de Ryes and his brother Warennes
From: “Untitled English Nobility P-S” fmg.ac/ProjectsMed Lands: English Nobility Medieval 3 P-S.htm#Rie
1180 Born:Elias de Risseworth, at Rishworth, Hipperholme near Halifax, Yorkshire, son of William of Riseworth, mar Hawyse c 1200.
From Census records/court records/ by Keats-Rohan,’ A Prosopography of Persons Occuring
in England’ 1066-1166.
1200 economic conditions in the north improving rapidly, Norman overlords still speaking Norman French while locals
communicate mixing Danish and Anglo-Saxon.
1200 Elias de Risseworth was given half of the land of John, son of Assolf de Holdsworth, W. of Huddersfield.
1200 Elias de Risseworth, son of William de Riseworth,received a moiety (half, to a kinship group) of all his lands in Holdsworth , Ovenden, Halifax, WR
\Also Alice & Thomas de Risseworth,(Rishworth) \Margery,Thomas, Henry,Nicholas,Cecilia
1204 Wm II Rufus lost Normandy only holding now is England, so Normans begin to learn English. Noble’s links to Normandy weakening. Use of Norman French names and titles growing less. However, King of England remains Duke of Normandy for another century.
1215 Magna Carta King John and Barons struggle for power, attempt to curtail corruption at local sheriffs level but failed as the same sheriffs were to enforce new rules.
1240 Born: Elias de Rissewode , two sons: Henry de Risseworth 1265-1307 and Thomas de Rissewode.
1251 Elias de Risswude, son of Wm de Riseworth, is mentioned in court case.
1265 Born: Henry de Rishworth, at Coley Hall, Hipperholme d.1307, father of Elias de Risheworth, mar.Alice de Risseworth(Worley)
mar.Lady Alice of Worley,Hipperholme
\ son Robt 1290-1345,mar Christine
1275 Elias de Richewrth paid 10s for use of land east of Sheffield.
\Born: Henry de Rishworth, Lord, in 1290 at Rishworth, mar. Elizabeth de Ashton
\Richard Rissheworth of Wakefield
\Robert de Rishworth born 1290- d 1345, at Hipperholme,
\Thomas de Rysseworth, Coldley born 1290 married Christine
1277 There was a land dispute involving Richard de Risseworth of Wakefield and Thomas de Risseworthe of Wakefield and his wife Hawyse , at Hipperholme, in Almondbury near Ackworth
1284 Henry de Rissewrth claims cattle for homage
1286 Henry de Rissewrth was charged with impounding oxen belonging to John the Miller
1286 Richard de Risseworth is mentioned, also a Thomas of Wakefield and Robert of Risseworth
1290-1343 Robt, son of Richard de Risseworth, of Wakefield, and his younger brother John, both
claimed land of Thomas de Wakefield as their inheritance, Robt. won.
1290 Died: Henry de Rishworth of Hipperholme, uncle of Lorde Henry de Rishworth of Coley who was married to Lady Elizabeth de Ashton,
1290 Born: Henry de Rishworth,Lord, at Rishworth, d 1368
1290 Born: Robt. de Rishworth, at Rishworth, 1290- d 1345 at Hipperholme
Mar. Christine de Coley , b.1290, sister of Henry de Coley(some Rishworths now became de Coley)
\ Henry de Rishworth of Hipperholme born 1338, a merchant, d 1417
\ Nicholas 1333-1417 mar.Helen , was granted Norwood,
\2 children: Marjory, Thomas
1339 heriot paid:Lorde Henry de Rishworth of Coley, mar. to Lady Elizabeth de Ashton, paid heriot on death of his uncle Henry de Rishworth of Hipperholme
\ Henry de Rishworth mar. Elena 1330, Coley Hall, Hipperholme
\one son: Nicholas de Rishworth* ( there might also be a James?)
Rushworth/Rishworths were tenants of distantly related Warenne family who held huge Wakefield Manor which stretched from Lancashire to Normanton, so their name appears in several places. Warenne/Wareunne is a Norman name; Hubert de Ryes and Warenne were brothers in 1066.
1300s Weather across England bad, crops fail, population declines; except for Wakefield area where rich soil generally allowed prosperity to continue.
1307 Died: Henry de Rishworth of Coley, father of Robert and Elias de Richeworth, Alice, his widow gave 2 s for 3 acres in Warley
\1309 Robert, son of Thomas de Rysseworth gave 12p rent for 2.5 acres
in Upperthong to Willim Strekayse
1310 also \Henry de Rishworthn of Coley born at Rishworth,Yorkshire d 1371 Hipperholme
\ sons John and Henry
C1310 Nicholas de Rishworth mar Helen, his father Henry de Rishworth granted them ‘Norwood’
C1320 Henry de Rishworth’s nephew Henry of Coley had sons John of Coley and Henry de Rishworth
1324 Thomas son of Robert Risheword, with 6 others, fined for withdrawing from suit of the mill; Nigel de Russheworth sued for 15s for killing a cow
\also Henry de Rishworth, born 1350 Coley Hall, Hipperholme
Married Elena(Helen) was nephew of Henry de Coldley .1330-1371
1330 Born Henry de Rishworth of Coley Hall , Hipperholme d 1371, c 1350 mar Elena(1) and Helen(2),
\ children Henry 1350-1418,Nicholas 1351-1375,Margaret,Margery and Margery b 1362, Henry b 1375- 1447
1333 Born : Nicholas de Rishworth,mar.Helen , was granted Norwood, died 1417
\2 children: Marjory, Thomas
1333 born Nigel de Russeworth
1337 Hundred Years War began
.
1338 Born: Henry de Rishworth (de Rushworth) of Hipperholme, a merchant, died 1417
1345 Robt. De Rishworth of Hipperholme died, wife was Christine
1348 Black Death – 1/3 population of Yorkshire gone, rich fled to isolated rural houses so more poor people than rich were effected.
1349 February it (the Plague) came by ship to the Humber, by May it struck York, June & July it ravaged the north. Consequently there was social and property ownership upheaval – the number of workers halved, demanded higher pay, revenues down so rich resorted to Royal wage controls, also rich took vacant government jobs like Sherriff or Judge and corruption grew. Commoners developed a defiance of authority.
C 1350 Hundred Years War begun, fought chiefly in France
1350 Born Henry Rishworth at Coley estate, c 1370 mar Alicia b 1350, son John Rishworth b at Coley 1384-1434
1351 born Nicholas de Rishworth, d 1418
C 1353 Henry de Rishworth mar Helen
\ John and Alexander of Haworth and Coley
1360 Born: Margaret de Rishworth
1362 Died: Margery de Rishworth
1368 Died: Lord Henry de Rishworth
1371 Died: Henry de Rishworth
1371 Nicholas, son of Robert, was granted a tenement called Norwode by Henry Rishworth
1381 The Peasants Revolt led to higher wages and the end of serfdom. Serfdom was replaced by tenured agricultural workers living as tenants on landlord’s property and working for the landlord for specific periods of time and/or produce. This development of individual rights and responsibilities probably helped to sow the seeds of Protestantism.
1384 Born: John Rishworth of Coley Hall, Hipperholme, d 1434Halifax; mar Joyce de Neville b 1400-1414, son John 1410?-1478
\John Rishworth born 1410 d. 1434 mar.Lacy b. 1410
\Nicholas de Rushworth
\Henry Rishworth died 1418
1397 Henry de Rishworth surrendered 1 ½ oxgangs at Hekden in Hipperholme to John, son of Henry, and other lands to Henry, son of Henry senior.
1410 Born: John Rishworth,d 1478; mar (1) Lacy 1415-1430;
\son John Rushworth b at Coley 1430-1553,(2)? son John Rishworth 1440-1553
1417 Died: Nigel de Rishworth
1417 Died: Henry de Rishworth , merchant, Hipperholme
1417 Died: Nicholas de Rushworth, was married to Helen
\ sons John and Alexander
1418 Dies: Henry Rishworth
1431 John and Henry Rishworth served on a manorial jury
1434 Died: Margaret de Rishworth
1440 Born: John Rishworth son of Henry, Coley,W.Riding,d 1533, d at Leys, Kincardineshire, Scot.
\son is Alexander Rishworth 1470-1526
C 1452 Henry de Rishworth, son of John Rishworth of Coley, mar Elena
\ Nicholas
1453 Elena, wife of Henry Rysheworth (Rishworth) assaulted Alice Smith.
1453 Hundred Years War ended
1455-1487; Wars of the Roses, saw battles at Wakefield 1460 & Towton 1461. Upheaval, towns declined
1468 Born: Alexander of Coley, son of Henry and Elena, of Horton, Manningham, Haworth
\ His son John of Coley and Stanroyde of Greenfield near Colne born c 1488
\His son John Rishworth of Coley & Stanroyde born 1502 mar Agnes, d 1575
He leased Coley Hall from grandfather John of Coley & Stanroyde
\Henry, son of Henry, married to Elena,b c 1488, mar. Joyce de Neville c 1508
\John b c 1510 also James
\Thomas\Robert\John Rishworth of Kinsley\Alexander Rishworth of Heath
1470 Born Alexander Rishworth at Whalley, Lanacashire;d Leys, Kincardineshire,Scot.
Mar.Grace Townley b 1470
\John Rishworth 1502-1575, John Rishworth 1501-1575 d at Stanroyde, Whalley, Lanc.
1478 Robert Ryssheworth was a tenant of Nostell Priory,& held land at Purston Jaglin
1478 Died: John Ryssheworth, son of Henry; his son John pays 6s8d heriot(death duty)
1485 Henry Earl of Richmond became King, eliminating all rivals
1488 John Ryshworth Esq., granted two feoffs on marriage of son Alexander Ryshworth
1488 Alexander Rishworth of Coley mar Grace Townley
1489 Yorkshire Rebellion –social upheaval; Henry VII sent Percy, Earl of Northumbria to collect taxes, he refused so was killed, the Earl of Suffolk marched on Yorkshire, hanged John A Chambre, so new rebel leader Sir John Egrement arose but he fled north and aquired a bad reputation. Rushforths generally moved eastward down the Calder Valley towards Wakefield
1500s wool industry prospered
1501 Born: John Rishworth of Stanroyde,& Coley, Whalley of Greenfield near Colne;
C 1521 mar.Agnes Parker; 9 children
1503 Robert Rissheworth,senior, got land in Houghton, d. 1519, left land at Holywell, to son Christopher
1533 Died: John of Coley, son of Alexander of Horton, Manningham,Haworth
1534 John and Edward Risheworth and 12 others tried to steal land from Christopher,son of Robt Rissheworth Sr.
1536 Dissolution of the Monastries by King Henry Viii – church estates broken up, sold to gentry and new entrepreneurs; 120 church properties closed in Yorkshire. Followed by Queen Elizabeth’s reign – population increased, new industries, improved farming techniques, common land enclosed, cottage industries increased.
1537 Died: John Ryshworth, property passed to " John Rishworth who is the son and heir of Alexander Rishworth,
who was son and heir of the aforesaid John Rishworth"
\ 4 sons 5 daughters; Leased Coley Hall, Cowling, of Kildwick, from his grandfather.
1540 Born: Alexander Rishworth d 1591
1545 subsidy roll (taxation of freehold land for military service) shows 11 Rushforths. (first use of ‘f’ Rushforth)
1546 Born: Alexander Rishworth of Heath nr Wakefield,of Haworth & Coley, mar.Beatrice Tempest,
\ Richard*, John, Lawrence, & Cecilia
\John of Kinsley, a clothier of Bradford\Robt.of Riddleden
\Thomas of Stanroyde
\Elizabeth, Alice, Ann, Luce;
2nd wife Ellen,\Ellen,Elizabeth,Jane,John
1560 Born: John Rishworth, married Anne Heyther c 1580
1564 Sale by John Rissheworthe of Kinsley, gent., younger son of John Rissheworthe of Coley, Esq.
and Robert his brother, to Thomas Rissheworthe of Coley, another younger son of John Rissheworthe
the elder, of a messuage, garden and lands in Shelf.
1565 Alexander Risheworthe gentleman., got land at Warmfield, Heath, Kirkthorpe, Wakefield, Sandel, Walton, Sharlston, Pontefract, Knottingley
1570 Died: William Rushforth* or Risheforth, buried at Snaith, Yorkshire.
1572 John Rishworth alive in 1572
1572 Sold: Coley Hall and Hipperholme lands by Alexander Rishworth of Heath, gent.
to yeoman Richard Sunderland except for the oak tree? Ravennest Tree?
Yeoman: free landholder who farms his own land but not gentry
1576 Born: Richard Rishworth, owned land at Haworth and Bolling Hall, d 1623, buried at Bradford
1581 Born: John Rishworth , at Keighley; mar.Anne 1603,
\ Richard, Robt, Ann, Eileen, Frances, Eliz., Susan
During the 1600s farmers began combining industry with farming eg., mines,coal, steel, cloth, leather
1603 John Rishworth mar.Ann
\ Richard, Robt., Ann, Ellen,Francis,Eliz.,Susan
1605 Born: Thomas Rushworth at Mirfield d 1648 , mar 1625 Sarah Hall, Mirfield;
\Henry 1630, Thos 1631,Thos 1632, Sarah 1634,Ann 1637,Geo 1639
**1612 Born: Thomas, son of Thomas Rushforth of Mirfield,
John Rishworth of Coley moved to Stanroyde , Lancashire, with family, then to Colne. When he died he provided amply for his family but during Cromwell’s Republic they were reduced partly from helping Catholic kin also from imprudence – many later family members are recorded as yeoman farmers.
The Rishworths of West Morton, including Thomas, also had property at Morecomb,and Bradford.
1621 Miles Rushford mar.Margaret Sugden in Keighley
1623 Died: Richard Rishworth of Heath, owning land at Haworth and Bolling Hall
1625 Thomas Rishworth of Mirfield married Sarah Hall
\born Thomas 1626, born Henry 1630,born **Thomas 1631, Mirfield
1630 Died: Henry, son of Thomas Rushforth buried at Mirfield
1631 Born: Thomas Rishworth; mar Sarah Woven
1637 Born: Elinor daughter of Richard Rushforth at Riddlesden Hall,
sister to John & Richard who were very poor, one died in York castle for debt.
1641 The Protestation was an attempt to avert the English Civil War. In July 1641, Parliament passed a bill requiring those over age 18 to sign the Protestation, an oath of allegiance to King Charles I and the Church of England. This Oath of Protestation was signed by over 40 Rushworths; 7 Haworth, 7 Halifax, 6 Wyke, 4 Bradford,4 Barkisland, also Rushworths at Houley near Huddersfield and **Crofton near Wakefield.
1642-1651 English Civil War, King vs Parliament, Cromwell, warfare in Yorkshire, battles at Leeds and Wakefield
Although Coley Manor was sold, Rushworths continued on in many of the places they had held for generations.
During The English Civil War Yorkshire was mostly Royalist, badly defeated, people fled, castles ruined by Cromwell.
1648 Died: Thomas Rishworth of Mirfield
1654 Elizabeth Rishworth married in Hemsworth parish
1655 Died: John Rishworth buried at Keighley.
1661 Born: Robert Son of Thomas Rishworth,d.1681
1666 Born: *Thomas Rushforth of Mirfield , d 1712;, mar. Elizabeth Blackburn born 1696;
mar.Mary Firth, Mirfield ,St.Mary in 1698
\born Thomas 1695-1726, born Paul 1701 + 9 children?inc. Aquila of Huddersfield, Joseph
\born John 1709, Robert, Anne born 1709, Daniel born 1699 , Thomas born 1712
1681 Died: Thomas son of Thomas Rushforth .
1700s Towns grow, wool and coal industry flourish, Many Irish Catholics were welcomed to the West Riding, Yorksh.,
to work in the cloth industry
1712 Born: John Rushforth - Ackworth;
1712 Died: *Thomas Rushforth (born 1666)of Mirfield
1737 Born: Daniel Rushforth, Elland.
\c1766 born Joseph Rushforth, . d 1841 Elland
\Henry of Elland born 1798}
\Richard Rushforth of Manchester]
1744 Born: John Rushforth of Ackworth; mar Martha of Ackworth
1746 Born: James Rushforth, Barnsley
1750 Born: John Rushforth,in Yorkshire mar Ann Backhouse b 1752 Halton,Leeds.
\c 1770 born John Rushforth, bricklayer, mar. 26 Dec 1790 St.Mary Whitchurch, Leeds,
south of the Brown Cow, off Selby Road on Colton(Bolton?) Road.
1780 Born: John Rushforth of Wragby mar Martha born 1799
c1798 Born: Jane Rushforth, Eggborough, West Yorksh., Christened at St Edmund King and Martyr,Kellington, North Yorkshire
1798 Born: John Rushforth, West Yorkshire
1790 Died: John Rushforth of Ackworth
1791 Born: Mary Rushforth, West Yorkshire, chr.St.Mary Whitchurch, Leeds, daughter of John Rushforth who was born 1750, and of Ann Backhouse, born 1752 Halton, Leeds.
1800s expansion in textiles, coal, railroads, canals and related small businesses
1810 Died: Daniel Rushforth
1812 Died: Richard Rushforth, Manchester;
1812 Born: Thomas Rishworth, Crigglestone; mar Hannah of Rowsby, Yorksh.
1816 Born: Mary Rushforth
1845 Died: John Rushforth, Wragby
1845*Born: Benjamin Rushforth, Foulby, Ackworth, mar (1).Sarah Atack born 1841 Mirfield,
several.children including Thomas Samuel
mar(2) several children including George Rushforth
1855 Henry Rushforth, Elland, dies
Movement from rural to urban life, industrialization – movement from village to city:
canals, rail, mills, factories, poor social conditions in cities.
1877 Born: Thomas Samuel Rushforth, son of Benjamin, Barnsley
Benjamin Rushforth moved from village of Barnsley to city of Leeds where he became a newsagent.
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1910 Born: Ivy May Rushforth , daughter of Thomas Samuel, Leeds; bros. Stanley, Percy,
1914-1918 War c 1918 Died Thomas Samuel Rushforth, at Fishlake, Thorne, leaving widow Mary and three children, Ivy, Percy, Stanley. 1920 Died: Benjamin Rushforth, Woodhouse,Leeds,Buried at Woodhouse Cemetery, Leeds. 1930-40 Economic Depression 1939-1945 WWII 1946 - 60 cloth and coal industries decline; work ethic challenged, Asian and Caribbean workers arrive in Leeds. Leeds city dwellers including Rushforths move to smaller country towns. |